Monday, February 4, 2008

#38 – Sept 18th 2007

Zanzibar

Other than the brief escape to Lake Bunyonyi and Ssese Island, my work with the African Heart boys has been non-stop. You’ve joined me on the journey as I met the boys, was accepted as their sister and friend, and began to help alleviate some of their difficulties. Most of the goals I have set for myself are near completion, perhaps a month’s work remains. As the date for my departure to Holland nears, November 16th, I am anxious to tie up lose ends and ensure I leave the boys with sustainable projects and ample hope and confidence with which to complete them. I have already begun thinking about future visits, when I will return with fresh ideas, motivation, and drive.

As one can only expect would happen, I recently began to notice myself feeling run down and languid. Not unmotivated, only lacking the energy to complete with any feverish gusto the tasks I set out for myself. Several of my friends and family warned against burning out and being unable to rally the energy and enthusiasm these boys need so desperately. But burn out I did. This past week I found myself snappy and quick-tempered, two characteristics dangerous to harbour for any length of time in this city. My virtues of patience and humble approachfulness are what have allowed me to get on so well here, to make quick friends and keep them, to accept the inconveniences, the unfamiliar customs, the chaos, and, for the most part, enjoy every bit of it. As my tanks now run dry I notice differences in my perceptions. Things I found endearing now seem irritating, I am exasperated by things that once amused me. As is true in the case of any overworked parent, the children suffer as a result. Their fingers in my hair brings on a headache instead of a contented smile, instead of readily lending my ipod I claim its broken and keep it at home. I found myself sitting in the living room with the leaders instead of hanging out with the boys. As soon as I realized these changes in my behavior, and was told as much by the boys themselves, always so open and honest with me, I checked them immediately. But as anyone who has been working for too long without a break knows, the reserve tanks only last so long.

Not wanting to take some God-forsaken bus ride across the country again and spend more time in a state of fearful anxiety than relaxation, while also keeping in mind that my visa expires in one week, I determined that I must leave the country. I took an uncharacteristic leap of faith and booked a flight to the east coast of Tanzania, to the island of Zanzibar. My flight leaves on September 20th. I will be spending two splendid weeks in the white sand with turquoise water lapping at my feet, the only noise will be palm trees rustling in the background.

Thankfully the flight, food, and accommodation are cheap, yet do not retract from the paradise-esque ambiance I will be experiencing. Time and time again I’ve heard that Zanzibar’s beaches are beyond anything conveyed on the front of a postcard or travel book. An interesting mix of Muslim custom and Swahili culture, I intend to soak up some knowledge along with the sun’s glorious rays. I will attempt to assuage some of my guilt for leaving the boys and spending precious money where it is so desperately needed elsewhere with the knowledge that I will come back to them reenergized and ready to give them 110% until the day I leave.

I am unsure whether the opportunity to write from the island will present itself. If it does not, expect the next journal entry to reach you after the first week of October has passed.

One other matter before I depart. I would like to thank you all, faithful readers, for your time, your thoughts, and your support. You add motivation to my journey, a richness to my experience. I look forward to writing to you as I pass my final weeks here in Uganda.

Until next time,

~Nicole

Sunday, February 3, 2008

#37 – Sept 16th 2007

Cathy & Christine…

I have previously told you about Sandra and her sister Grace, whom I met at the boys’ home. I mentioned that there was a woman named Cathy, and her small daughter Christine residing there as well. I’ve wanted to share Cathy and Christine’s story with you for some time now, but its exceedingly difficult to find a moment alone with Cathy in order to get her story in her own words, without Christine climbing all over my computer, distracting me with her infectious giggles and baby dance moves.

It is almost impossible not to be completely taken up by Christine, now 1 year 4 months old. Her almond skin and tight African curls, huge black eyes and new baby teeth, her fat stomach and rambunctious legs; all combine to make her worthy of “cutest baby ever!” a label she is so often given by visitors. She is spunky and delightful. She teeters and totters around house, running faster than her little legs are yet able to go, fearlessly plunging forward only to fall bluntly against the cold cement floor hundreds of times a day. We’ve learnt that if you don’t look at her when she falls, she’ll right herself and be running again shortly. Even her tears for sympathy don’t last long. At lunch times she sits with her bowl of rice and beans, throwing much more on the floor than in her mouth. She seems to instinctively know her mother lacks the means to provide regular meals, or any variety whatsoever, and rarely utters a squeak of complaint. We’re all certain she’ll grow up quite the tom-boy, constantly surrounded by her African Heart brothers. They are rough and tumbely with her; you can always find her being swung around, carried on someone’s shoulders, being taught to shake it to a Ugandan pop song.

Her baby mumbles are mostly incomprehensible save for the occasional mama or dada. I have always feigned complete understanding, reply with “yeah, oh really? mhmm’s,” and Christine has now taken to exclaiming, “Yeah!” over and over whenever I see her. So cute! Whenever I’m around she is clinging to my legs, climbing onto my lap, pulling at my hair. I’ve warned Cathy I may try to sneak her back to Canada with me.

It wasn’t until recently I worked up the courage to ask Cathy about her situation. I knew she had a boyfriend who stayed in the one room she occupies in the house, although I’d only caught glimpses of him, an elusive and mysterious man. It seems no one at the boys’ home has much to say about him. Strange for such a close-knit unit. I became increasingly interested to discover how Cathy was able to provide for her young daughter, as I never saw her leave the residence. All I ever saw Cathy doing was wash dishes, prepare meals, clean up after Christine, clean up some more, and make paper necklaces. All while totting Christine around on her hip, on her back, holding her hand.

Having helped raise my own brother and sister, I realize how difficult and trying parenthood can be; I am constantly amazed by Cathy’s resourcefulness and ability to rally herself amidst the toughest of circumstances. It is the rarest of occasions when she is able to leave the house, her boyfriend is apparently not eager to share child-minding responsibilities (nor does he do any of the cooking or cleaning). She cannot afford diapers or baby wipes, thus, she is provided with a constant source of laundry and cleaning. Because every shilling she receives goes towards Christine, Cathy walks around in ill-fitting second-or-third-hand clothes, not even able to afford a bra. Yet she accepts her fate humbly and without complaint.

Two months ago Christine fell very ill with malaria; although she seems unusually susceptible to the illness and gets it often, this time was particularly worrisome. I could see Cathy was extremely concerned and helpless for lack of funds. We went together to Mengo Hospital where Christine received the medication she needed, for a price Cathy would never have been able to pay. In August the same situation occurred. Both times I pushed away thoughts of what would have happened if I hadn’t been there.

These experiences brought us close enough that I felt comfortable inquiring about Cathy’s history. Here, in her own words, is Cathy’s story.

“I am an orphan. I lost my mom and dad. My mom died when she was delivering me. They told me that before my mom delivered me, my parents first had quarrels at night when she was pregnant. One day after a bad fight they went in the garden to dig and they kept quarreling. When they went back into the home, they kept fighting. When they fought, my dad made a mistake and hit her stomach. My mom didn’t feel well after and went to the hospital. When they reached, the doctor told her it was time to deliver me. He managed to deliver me, and my mom had to be taken to surgery. She passed away in surgery. I’ve always wondered if it was because of my dad.

After the death of my mom, my dad didn’t allow anyone to take me. He said he would stay with me until I grew up. My dad was the one who was caring for me. He paid for my studies from nursery up to Senior 4. At the end of exams in Senior 4, I had been away at boarding school. Someone came to the school to pick me, a relative to my dad. He told me when I reached home that my dad had died a month before. They didn’t tell me because I was in exams.

After a few weeks they decided to take me to my auntie’s because I was all alone. My relatives took all of my dad’s things, like pots and house properties, even the house. I didn’t get to take any of it. I was left with nothing. My aunt told me she didn’t have money for school fees, so I would just live there helping her. My aunt had a bar that sold alcohol and she told me to work there without pay. I was working from morning until very late at night, not getting any sleep.

I got a boyfriend, Michael, when I was staying at my aunt’s. He told me he would take me back to school. He did it. After I came back from school everyday I had to go into the bar and sell alcohol. When you are studying you have to revise books and I didn’t have any time. I didn’t manage to revise books. I studied only two terms and my boyfriend told me his job was finished because he had misunderstandings with his boss so he lost his job. I started again to sell alcohol all day.

The bad thing is, I got pregnant. My aunt told me that I could not stay with her anymore. I had to go stay with my boyfriend. My boyfriend took me to his grandmother’s house. This was two years ago. When I was pregnant I didn’t have any problems. I delivered Christine, my healthy baby girl. I was very glad to have such a good, beautiful baby.

When Christine was little my boyfriend wasn’t working, it was so hard to get food. It was so hard for him to buy clothes for Christine. At the time Christine was young, 2 months, my boyfriend was not even getting a single coin. I would spend a day without eating while breastfeeding. That was the worst thing. My boyfriend is now able to get some small money from relatives, or he does little jobs here and there. That is the only way we get money now. I fear to tell him on the days when we have no food to eat. Christine is eating real food now and if her father comes without money or anything to eat its very hard. Christine also becomes sick with malaria at least once a month. We are unable to get her medicine.

Now the problem that I have; here in Uganda, if someone is not well-educated, you cannot get a job. At least I want to go to school, to do a course. After doing a course, if I pass well, I can get a job. Because Christine is growing up, in the coming years she will also want to go for studies. I would like to do a computer course, or a business course. I enjoyed commerce, geography, and English at school.

Right now I am making necklaces. I have to find magazines, I divide papers into pieces then after I get a needle and I start rolling them. Then after I put on glue. After they dry I put varnish on them, and bead them into necklaces with fish-lines. I hope to raise money to pay for myself to do a course, and to buy for Christine food and supplies. It is all I can hope to do now while Christine still needs constant care.

“That is my story.”

* * *

Knowing what she has been through, I have even more respect for this woman, for her ability to persevere through hardship while holding her head high and keeping a bright, wide smile on her face. I have been supplying her with materials for her necklace making; fish-lines, glue, magazines, scissors, and beads. Although it is a time-consuming process, Cathy works diligently every moment she gets, while Christine naps, or plays with the boys, and has been able to make fifty necklaces in the past two months. I sent the entire lot to Canada for my mom to sell. We hope to get a donation of $10 for each necklace, much more than they could sell for here in Uganda. If my mom is able to sell all of them, she could send 800,000 shillings to Cathy. That is almost enough to send Cathy to school for a whole year. It would certainly be enough to provide food, diapers, and other baby necessities for a long time to come. Cathy and I are currently trying to come up with a workable, sustainable, and successful path to endeavor on.

If you are interested in purchasing a necklace, please contact my mother, Celine Nelson, at (250) 746-5255 or cceline@shaw.ca.

To view pictures of Cathy and Christine, check out my photoalbum at:

http://uvic.facebook.com/album.php?aid=2059148&l=1a370&id=122501804

~Nicole

#36 – Sept 7th 2007

Robert & family update…

I last wrote about Robert and his family at the beginning of July. Two months have passed and much has changed. At the same time, much has stayed the same. Hope has come and gone, and come again. The family’s luck comes in giant ebbs and flows. They suffer greatly yet somehow manage to get by, to survive, to persevere. I’ve been walking beside them, lending a helping hand when they falter, wishing there was more I could do to help them travel unhindered to the end of their days. I watch as the family experiences more trials and tribulations than any family goes through where I come from. I shake my head in disbelief as time and time again they are knocked down by poverty and disease. I ponder the ability of this country to endure with 90% of the population experiencing similar situations. Yet they do, a testament to the African heart.

I received an outpouring of support from people anxious to help Robert’s family and used the money they generously donated to reconstruct Robert’s house. Last Sunday the finishing touches were applied and the family has finally breathed a sigh of relief. They now occupy two large rooms, one used as a bedroom, one as the sitting room/kitchen. Still tiny by Western standards, it feels spacious and livable to the family. The walls have been plastered and painted, the holes in the roof covered up, the electricity turned back on. The other rooms in the house have also been finished, allowing Madina to charge more for rent. I’ve been following the progress of reconstruction since it began, and am thrilled by the final product. I went over on Sunday to bring ‘celebratory’ groceries and found Madina’s extended family enjoying the comfort of the new sitting room. They were all overjoyed with the results and gushingly thankful for the generous assistance. They all fell to their knees (a sign of great respect) in praise and thanks when I entered the room. I explained that it was the generosity of my family back in Canada that had made it possible and they implored me to send a thousand thanks. Madina, in her usual gracious and humble manner, has shown me a constant expression of appreciation and gratitude since the day we met. Never have I witnessed such genuine thankfulness, never have I met someone more deserving of friendship, love, and support.

Madina fell ill several times throughout the construction process. I found out much too late she was doing a lot of the heavy lifting, still working at her maize stand at night, while also doing the family’s cooking, cleaning, and also fetching water from the well. Kimala, Robert, and Judith were not doing enough to assist her, and the money from selling maize was not enough to nourish and sustain her throughout the difficult and long days. The stress of rebuilding, of her illness, her lack of funds, and various family issues were all weighing heavily on her mind. I enlisted in the help of a kind woman I’d made acquaintances with through Natalie and Peter, named Edissa. Edissa owns a stationary business near Mengo Hospital and sidelines as a counselor. On several occasions I’d mentioned the plight of Robert’s family, and she had expressed her desire to help. Feeling that I was under-equipped to deal with Madina’s problems, I accepted Edissa’s offer and brought her to Robert’s home. Their first conversation exceeded two hours and I could already see the light returning to Madina’s face as we departed. It reminded me that no matter how much I desire to help, I may never fully understand the African perspective and whenever possible I need to step aside and work as a ‘silent’ partner.

This meeting turned into a weekly event, Edissa working closely with each member of the family, slowly drawing out their unique issues and helping them deal with each in turn. Judith is extremely introverted and needs to gain strength of spirit, needs to find her voice. Kimala is unequipped to deal with his hormonal changes and unless properly guided runs the risk of making some very damaging mistakes. Robert needs to channel his intellect into something productive, needs to be encouraged to utilize his talents and realize his potential. He also needs to take the world off of his shoulders and realize some things are out of his control. He needs to relax and allow himself to enjoy the rest of his childhood as much as possible. Edissa is dedicated to assisting each one in his or her efforts. I am eternally grateful for her support. Edissa and I have shared many enlightening conversations; she teaches me the African woman’s perspective and helps me to see the roots of many problems faced by Ugandan families. Natalie, Peter, and I recently enjoyed a traditional Ugandan dinner at her home; to see her interact with her children and realize how well she keeps up her home and her family unit, as well as a business, all as a single parent, is truly incredible. I know I can entrust her with the care of Robert’s family when I leave. It is people like Abbey and Edissa that will change the course of this country, of this continent, and it is people like them that I can rely on to be my eyes and ears on the ground once I return to Canada.

Robert and Judith have officially switched schools. They have moved from a very dingy, small establishment to Mengo Primary, one of the more respected schools in Kampala. They will begin 3rd term on September 17th. My mom will be sponsoring Robert for his tuition and requirements, while Madina will continue to pay for Judith. Surprisingly, switching the kids to a better school didn’t raise their tuition fees. It was only the cost of buying new uniforms that was inhibiting Madina. While Robert is still in primary, my mom will pay less than $100 per year. Once he reaches secondary, she’ll pay $35 per month each year, less than most people spend on coffee. Instead of having a daily latte at Starbucks, she’ll carry a water bottle; in this way she will refuse to support a coffee company that carries on exploitative trade practices with Africa, she’ll improve her own health, and she’ll be supporting the educational advancement of a child in need.

As I mentioned earlier, this family’s luck only lasts so long. Shortly after their house was completed, Robert’s grandmother fell ill and moved in, further depleting the family’s resources, forcing them to stretch what small funds they had. Of course they did this without blinking an eye; without hesitation. In Uganda family is viewed as limbs of one body; your sister’s kids are no less important than your own, and are referred to as brothers and sisters by your children. Your parents are to be supported until death by the entire family. No one is left to fend for themselves. If a family member falls ill, they move in. If someone dies, their responsibilities become your responsibilities, and you never complain about it. All of this is done as if it were the natural way of things. Here, it is the natural way. Someone asked me what I would do in Canada if my aunt and uncle both died. I couldn’t respond because I couldn’t think of a single situation where both parents would pass away, save for freak accidents. In the west we simply don’t have the same experiences with death as Ugandans do. Try explaining that one.

Days after Robert’s grandmother moved in, Madina fell ill once again. She developed a growth on her back, a cyst the size of a chestnut that became infected. As her body attempted to fight off the infection she became delirious with fever. We rushed to Mengo hospital where the doctor pronounced she’d need surgery the following day. Back to the hospital by 7am the next morning, Madina waited in agony for several long hours before they took her to surgery. I have to say that my experience at the hospital was more than a little frustrating. No one told us what was going on. The doctor who diagnosed her did not give any instructions to those operating. One nurse told me she could eat, another said absolutely not. Robert and I were expected to stay at the hospital to ‘look after her’ until surgery, apparently not the nurses’ job. They claimed she would go into surgery at 8am, she went in at 4pm. We were expected to bring our own blankets for the hospital bed, but no one told us as much. Then there’s the cost of the operation. Madina barely has enough to feed her children, never mind pay for a costly procedure. All-in-all, it cost 150,000 Ugandan shillings ($92). Where are people supposed to find that money? Most don’t make that in a year! In any event, the procedure was successful and Madina emerged overjoyed with relief and overflowing with gratitude. I cannot describe her thankfulness, I can only say I couldn’t think of how to respond to such an outpouring. It seems rather trite to say, “No problem, don’t worry about it!” when an operation has just saved someone’s life. In my mind I was still going over the idea that had I not been able to help, Madina would have died. Died. Three young children would have been orphaned. How am I supposed to deal with that? How do I deal with the fact that that happens every single day here in Uganda? Uganda is host to over 2 million orphans. Let me say that number again…really think about it: 2 million.

Madina’s grandmother is recovering. Madina herself came out of surgery with a smile on her face, and after a nice hot meal at a local restaurant, went home for some well-deserved rest. Now that the house is finished, I begin work on organizing a new job for Madina. I will be visiting local markets in order to find a new, more secure area of work, while also connecting her with Sandra’s father, for whom she will hopefully be selling fish. I am excited about the prospect of supporting both Robert and Sandra’s family at the same time. I am trying my best to provide a more comfortable living situation for my new friends and family, one that I can feel confident will continue after I depart in November.

~Nicole

PS – A few pictures of Robert’s house in construction, and of the family, can be found at:

http://uvic.facebook.com/album.php?aid=2057138&l=1d7ca&id=122501804

#35 – Sept 4th 2007

On the sidelines…

Mpola mpola, slowly by slowly. An expression common in Uganda, an expression fitting of Uganda. Things happen slowly here. There has not been a single instance of something happening on time since my arrival, only somewhere in the near vicinity. It is safe to assume things will happen one hour later than you originally planned. It is not unusual for that hour to turn into four or five. If you are taking a bus somewhere, don’t expect it to pick you up or drop you off anywhere near the time it claims it will. Have a coffee date? Add one hour. Dinner date? Hour and a half. Not once, not twice, but four times I’ve had friends panicking because their ride to the airport was an hour late. You can actually judge how long someone has stayed in Uganda by how early they ask the driver to arrive to drive them to the airport. One woman was here for three weeks and almost missed her flight. Natalie and Peter scheduled the driver two hours before they were actually supposed to leave, and he arrived two hours late. They were right on time.

Over the past four months I’ve gradually adopted this mentality as well, of “African time,” as Ugandans call it. Gradually I stopped becoming anxious when I was running fifteen minutes late for a meeting. Soon that fifteen minutes became a half hour, eventually that turned into an hour when I realized everyone else wouldn’t arrive on time. Now my anxiety level rarely rises, and for those that know me, you can appreciate what an accomplishment that is. I’m never in a hurry, I’m never upset when someone shows up late. There is no late. And you know what? Things still get done. I’m not sure why things work this way here; it could be the hot weather that slows everything down, it could even be the lack of time-telling apparatuses. It could be the obtuse amount of carbohydrates people eat, making them lethargic. It could be cultural. If running around, hectic and stressful, isn’t going to improve your life in any way, its not going to make you more money or make you happier, why would you do it? Life is going to continue along the same path whether you rush or take it slow. It’s quite possible that if you sprint to the finish you’ll miss what’s on the sidelines.

The constant rush I experienced in Canada, the drive to get things done faster, the scramble to make more money, chasing the coveted “more” of everything – it is exhausting and counter-productive. This “more” we are always striving for is not the buried treasure it is portrayed as. In most cases this “more” is quite the opposite. It is a jackal waiting to shackle you to the hamster wheel. You’ll end up in perpetual motion, unfamiliar with your surrounds, your friends and family, everything will become a blur of obtaining material goods to satisfy your addiction to “more”. The purpose of your life will be distorted and diluted until you think happiness is what you feel when you purchase something new. If you find yourself running hurriedly toward that buried treasure take a moment to consider jumping off the track and following “African time” for a while. Take a moment to discover whether all that rushing is taking you in the right direction; to see whether that “more” you are seeking is what you really want, or if you’ve been running too fast to see that the happiness you seek is actually on the sidelines.

~Nicole

#34 – Sept 2nd 2007

Sammy…

Officially I met Sammy in May. In reality, my first real meeting with Sammy was last month when I went to parent-teacher interviews at Old Kampala Secondary. Abbey asked if I would take his place at the interviews, representing the children’s guardian in order to obtain their second term marks and hear the teachers’ comments. Six boys attend Old Kampala Secondary; Hamuza, Simon, Kenneth, Ismah, Moses, and Sammy. The day of the interviews I found myself a white spectacle amoung a group made up entirely of Ugandan staff and parents. The boys seemed to not mind the attention. I sat through a two hour assembly, half in English, half in Luganda, about the school’s new electronic funds transfer system for tuition payment, then was released to visit the teachers. After shamelessly using my “Muzungu” appeal to skip ahead of lines in each of the six classrooms I was able to obtain each boy’s marks. Sammy’s stood out above the rest. Out of 80 students, he placed 11th in his class. A very respectable position for a fifteen-year-old who shares a room with fourteen other teenage boys, who has been abandoned by everyone he’s ever known, who’s been attacked and beaten, who’s only solace in life is the African Hearts organization.

Impressed by Sammy’s performance and interested to learn more about these boys I was only starting to become familiar with, I took them all out for lunch at Rangers, a small restaurant across the street from Mengo Hospital. Over chips and chaps (thick greasy fries and meat flapjacks) we discussed the boys’ school, their teachers, the subjects they struggle with (Chemistry, Physics, Math), and their desire to receive tutoring and improve their performances. Although most had received decent marks, they were all scared to show Abbey their reports. His high expectations are determined goals for these boys. I couldn’t help comparing their resolve to Canadian teenagers. Using my brother and his friends as an example, I don’t believe I would ever find myself discussing education with them, never mind brain-storming ways to improve a grade of 70% in calculus. I don’t think I would be far off if I were to estimate my brother’s priorities as girls, money, and partying. I apologize to my brother for dragging him in as an example, but I doubt he’d hesitate to agree with my observation. As I chatted with Sammy and his friends, I concluded that their priorities included successfully completing Senior-level, finding a way to keep a roof over their heads and food in their bellies, not only for them, but for their families as well, and finding a simple happiness for themselves and those around them.

In the days that followed I made a special effort to stay close to these boys. Sammy is the only one of the six that stays at the African Hearts home and was therefore easier to spend time with. I quickly realized his grades were no fluke. Naturally bright, Sammy has a way of observing any situation with an all-encompassing sweep, meticulously noting each detail, choosing carefully which to comment on, and comment he will. I came to fondly refer to him as Mr.Open. Find yourself in a sticky situation where you subtly attempt to remove your foot from your mouth and Sammy will kindly narrate your plight of embarrassment, and any excruciating details necessary for full comprehension of the situation, to all in attendance. For Sammy, honestly is the only policy. I find it refreshing. He has a way of staring straight at your eyes in a matter-of-fact way, no tricks, no masquerading, just straight-up take-it-as-it-is bluntness. He has coolness and confidence. Calmness you wish for in a crisis.

It was my pleasure to invite Sammy (along with Joel, Robert, and Kimala) to the premier showing of Transformers. The film was a huge hit with all four boys. Only Robert had been to the theatre before, when we went to the opening of the latest Harry Potter, and it appeared to be an entertaining adventure for all. While the other boys stared wide-eyed, eyes transfixed on the giant screen even as they punched each other in excitement, Sammy continuously leaned over to whisper questions in my ear. What type of airplanes was the U.S. military using, he wondered. Was the president depicted in the movie supposed to represent the current administrations’ leader? Was hacking for the government a feasible career option, as was shown in the movie? I asked each boy what they thought of the show as we made our way home in a special hire; Sammy’s response was that he found it surprisingly political for a movie geared towards young teenagers. I had picked up on the underlying themes of empire and war-mongering, the subtle jabs at the Bush administration, and the unsurprising failure to move away from amplifying and exalting the might of the U.S. military. Sammy had apparently noted these things as well.

Last week Sammy mentioned his appreciation for my invitation to the film, and the good time we’d had browsing around Garden City, the shopping centre that houses the cinema. As it happened, I was planning on going back to pick up some “western” groceries at Garden City’s predominantly Muzungu supermarket and invited Sammy along. We shared a boda for the fifteen minute ride across town and arrived just in time for lunch. We went to a new café called I Love NY, which prides itself on having the only bagels in the country. I ordered Sammy his first-ever bagel with cream cheese, with a fat pickle on the side. Half-way through his doughy snack, Sammy leaned forward, elbows on knees, and told me about his past. I later asked Sammy to write down his personal history. Here, in his own words, is Sammy’s story:

We were a family of three children, one brother and two sisters. We used to stay with our father and mum but certain problems came on. Our dad had many wives. We struggled because our dad went and so we had to look forward for a solution.

After a time life started to be so hard that we could only eat one meal a day without breakfast and supper. My mum tried to get a job to build up the family but there wasn’t a solution for this. The only way was to go and look for our dad. She found him and she made him to back in the family.

After dad came back home life was not easy for me or even enjoyable because I was not loved much like my sisters. Our dad didn’t have enough money. The solution they had was to take me to my step-mother’s. I was young and didn’t understand why. I asked my dad but he told me excuses. So I was taken to my step-mum.

Life became hard on my side because I missed my sisters. So, I lived with this woman and in my mind I hoped that she would help me and things would get better. Because she had no children she used to be violent to me and make me annoyed and make me hate her. She knew that I didn’t love her and used all her powers over me. She used to tell me that I should wash all her clothes and do all the domestic work. I did it because I didn’t want to disobey her and I was gaining knowledge from her. But when I used to do this domestic work she made me do other work too. I worked up to sunset when I was so tired. I tried my level best to tell her that I can’t do all the heavy work. She banged my head on the wall and she got a stick when it had nails on it and she beat me. I thought of running away from her. She even used to lock me in the house and she could go away whenever she wanted when I was still locked in the house.

I faced all these hard times and had a miserable life with this woman. She didn’t give peace or time to rest. She abused me and she didn’t give proper care. I spent much time with this woman and even I was not studying. I used to get bad fevers but she didn’t care. She just gave me herbs as medicine. I used to cry when I thought about the bad times I involved in.

But one day this woman went to her friend to visit and she left me in the house. All of that day my intension was to escape because that was the best alternative I had in my mind. By the time it was noon I finished all I had to do and prepared for my escape.

On my journey going with all my stuff I didn’t think she would find out. I kept on going but I didn’t know someone told her that I was going. She came and caught me. She took me back home. She asked me who gave the permission for me to walk away from home. She started to beat me and didn’t give time for me to talk or explain. I called for help but there were no people around. I fainted because this woman beat me seriously.

When I came back to my normal mind I tried so hard to go back to my mum. The best thing was that I found the phone number of my dad. I called and asked my dad if I could talk to mum. I talked to her and I told her the whole story and the situation I was passing through. I tried to convince her that I was not in good way and didn’t have care and love that I suppose to have. I requested for her to come and take me back home.

After three days I was in this woman’s house washing utensils. I heard someone knocking on the door and when I went to open I realized that it was mum. I was so happy that I felt like I was being removed from prison. They talked a little bit and she asked for me and we went back home.

After reaching home my mum realized that one of my senses was not working. My ear of the right side. I was taken to the doctor for a medical check-up. After this check-up the doctor told my mom that the ear of the right side was not working. I got some tablets for it. I was like a vulnerable child.

I was studying from other people’s school books, eating, and just hanging around. One day I asked dad if I could go to school. He told me that there was no money for my studies and requirements. My life was miserable when I saw other children and my sisters going to school. Not only miserable, but my life was sad.

After a couple of days my father left the house to go outside the country. My mum packed all things which were in the house and removed them. There came a small car and a man came out and greeted us. He asked my name, and my sisters’. I didn’t know what was going on because I asked mum and she told me to sit in the car. They packed all the things in the car and we took off.

Days after we were in the flat house which was beautiful and nice looking. But I was confused to see mum with the man. Life started to be enjoyable and easy. We started in a happy life and a good world. This man loved us since we were the only children in the house. He used to bring us every thing we wanted at that moment.

But after a couple of months there came businessmen who wanted to buy this flat. I realized my mum’s new man was the dealer of this house. So the house was sold and this man got a share of the profit. We moved from this house and migrated from that place and got a house for rent with this man.

But time came when we needed to look for sources where we can get money. So mum brought idea that they should start a shop. This shop was started slowly by slowly and it grew up after a period. My mum, my sisters, and I used to work in this shop and we were like slaves.

After all of these miserable times our mom was pregnant. When she was near to give birth she was given good care by the man and she was taken to the hospital. We were left in the shop to work. So mum gave birth to a baby boy. But the most annoying thing was that the man loved my sisters and the baby, and I was left out. He used to torture me over everything I did, when it was good or bad.

One day I went to watch football, the premier league, but I didn’t take long to go back home. When I went back home my step-dad saw me and he kept quiet. After entering the house he came and he asked me where I was. I tried to explain but he didn’t let me talk. He got a metal bar, like a hammer, and he beat on the head and I fainted. He took me to the near-by clinic and they asked him what happened. He told them that an iron sheet cut me when I was playing. I took long time to come to my normal senses. When my mum came home she found my sisters cleaning the floor which was full of my blood. She asked my sisters what happened. They told her that dad had beat me. She came in the clinic and she asked why he beat me, and why he used a hammer. My face was destroyed. I have got the scars on my face still.

After all of this I was hopeless. I thought that man would even kill me one day. He didn’t give me food when my mum was not around and he told me that if I tried to tell mum he would kill me. I feared him so I did everything he told me to do. I thought of a plan, that I could escape from home, but mum didn’t want me to go.

One day I asked a friend of mine whom I used to play with if he could help me. He told me he could. He brought me to his place where there was a band group. It was called African Hearts Community Organization. It was a youth group. I went to the leader who was called Abbey I first asked him that if I could join them and be part of them. I was given the form to register and filled it myself because I knew that if I took it home this man would not allow me.

When I used to go to fetch water I used that time for band practice then I would rush home because I didn’t want the man to know. But one day when I was fetching water he came behind me and didn’t know he was behind me. I quickly went for practice and then when he saw me he went back home. After practicing I went back home. When he saw me he told not stay home anymore. I begged him to let me in but he told me to go stay where I was practicing. So, that night I slept in bathroom outside the house.

In the morning without doing anything else I went to the African Hearts house and got the leader Abbey was not around. I waited for him and when he came I told him that whole story. We went to see mum, they talked, and after that I went with Abbey and stayed the base of the brigade. I started to learn all the activities which were done at the brigade. I starting enjoying my life since I got a new home. The money they gave from the function I used to buy clothes.

After a long time I was able to play trumpet at functions. This brigade used to collect money from functions to buy instruments. I used to go and visit mum and my sisters to see how they are.

I passed in this situation knowing that I would get somewhere I would enjoy to stay. When my mum is sick and can not work I am the one responsible for my sisters. My sisters work hard at school and they have the ability to do anything.

Abbey encouraged me and advised me when I was lonely and so I gained hope. I am saying that everything done on earth is done by hope. If you don’t have hope you can’t manage on this earth.”

***

As Sammy told me this story in the restaurant, I was curious as to how it felt to move away from home, to become part of African Hearts. He replied that he felt like a new-born baby. He explained that in the womb a baby is given the necessities to survive but it isn’t until they see the light of the world that they begin to receive real love and care. He said for the first time in his life he discovered what it was like to be loved and cared for. A satisfied smile grew on his face after he arrived that hasn’t left since. He has forgiven his step-father for his transgressions, something a lesser person could not have done.

Sammy told me all he could that day. When he finished his story he put his head in his hands and breathed deeply. I placed a hand on his back and let him release the memories. Then I thanked whomever it was I had to thank for taking Sammy away from that man and into the care of Abbey and the African Hearts home. I vowed to help Sammy in any way I could and see to it that he feels loved and gets the opportunity to permanently change his life by succeeding in school and putting to use his unique talents.

Thus far, I have been able to purchase several large study guides for 16,000Ush each ($9), which have enabled Sammy to better prepare for his end-of-term exams. Sammy is currently in Senior 1 (Grade 8) and the next five years will be crucial in determining the direction of his future. I also got my parents to send him a memory stick (USB flashcard) from Canada in order that he can save any computer documents or other important information any time he is able to gain access to a computer. I’ve never seen a teenager so eternally grateful for such small gifts. He asked if he could send my parents a thank-letter and we did one better, we took a video of him and sent the DVD in the mail.

I have been formulating a journal entry about Sammy for some time now but became highly motivated at the beginning of this week when Sammy came to me with a rare request. Many of the boys come to me with various problems regarding their homework, relations with friends, a need for school shoes or writing utensils, or family problems, but Sammy has always kept quiet about these things. Actually, one of the only times he opened up about his past was during our bagel lunch. Thus, I was surprised when he pulled me aside on Monday and said that he needed my help. He explained that he was concerned about his siblings still left at his mother’s house. His two sisters and two half-brothers were all still struggling in the same living situation, struggling to get food, struggling to get school fees. His half-brothers, Isaac and Jonah, are also members of African Hearts and are young enough that their parents can still afford to pay their Primary school fees. His sisters are moving from Primary to Secondary after next term and Sammy fears there will not be enough to cover their tuition. Sammy said he was anxious about this because his sisters are extremely intelligent and the best hope they have of climbing out of poverty is through education. As the older brother Sammy feels responsible for them. He worries about their treatment at home, and about how long his mother will be around to protect them. He did not ask me for money, instead requesting only that I help him brainstorm a solution, something he can do in order to take care of his siblings.

Sammy’s sisters, Rhonda and Carol, also wrote to me about their lives, their stories filled with tragic and touching stories mirroring that of their brother’s. They spoke of searching the local Market trash bins for dinner, of being thrown out of school for lack of tuition payments, of washing people’s clothes in order to make some money. They spoke of their poor living situation, of the poor sanitation and the medical repercussions. They wished their mother had enough money to buy herself a new pair of shoes. They wondered how their mother would cope now that she was once again alone, having kicked out their step-dad.

Words cannot express what it is like to live here and befriend these people and then listen to their stories. I go through a myriad of emotions; sadness, anger, disbelief. I feel my throat closing, I feel like my hands are tied. I am tortured knowing the money in my wallet could change their lives. I am agonized knowing if I gave them that money it would help them for a few weeks, but true change needs months and months of thorough planning, arranging, and implementing. True change needs commitment, dedication, and time. Time to spend with the family, getting to know their needs, their desires, their dreams. Getting to know their talents and abilities and utilizing them in productive and sustainable manner. Simply giving money makes people dependent and puts them in the passenger seat of their own lives. The real solution lies in helping people discover their own worth and assisting them in building that up into means of supporting themselves. As Sammy says, give people a little help and a little hope and you’d be surprised what they can accomplish.

~Nicole

Saturday, February 2, 2008

#33 – August 31st 2007

The long walk home…

Lets say in order to belong to a brass band you would have to walk for two hours to the practice field, then walk two hours back home in the pitch black along dangerous roads with no side walks, no lights, replete with police patrols anxious to get ‘idle’ children off the streets. Would you join? I’m sure your first response is no, hell no.

Now what if you knew joining this band was your only hope of continuing high school? What if you knew your parents had eight other children at home in desperate need of all the help they could get? Five of those children are your siblings, the other three are your cousins whose parents died of that horrible disease strangling your country. For as long as you can remember your parents have been working hard to put a roof over your head and food on the table, all the while struggling to get all of you through school. Every time there is extra money one child goes through one year of school. Although your ages range widely, you are almost all in the same grade. The exception is your eldest brother, who had just completed his first year at University. Your parents sold their house downtown and moved to a remote village on the outskirts of Kampala in order to pay the first year’s tuition. Now eleven of you live in a tiny four-room house. You share a bed with two of your brothers. Although you’ve stopped schooling so your sister can complete one more grade, the distance to school, if and when you go back, has increased to an hour and a half walk. Rain or shine.

You and your twin brother suffer from a severe case of asthma. When the weather turns cold, the walk to school poisons your lungs. The medication costs as much as your younger sister’s tuition. You love your parents dearly and want to do everything in your power as an individual in order to help the desperate situation of your family. You’ve decided to join the brass band your friend David mentioned to you last year at school. The leader, Abbey, welcomed you and you are now taking trumpet lessons in hopes that you will one day be able to perform at functions and make some money to help your family. Meanwhile, your father is operating a small shop that sells muffins, water, and other odds and ends, and your twin brother is running neighbors’ errands for pocket change.

Welcome to Kato Richard’s life. Richard is a new member of the African Hearts organization, and a new friend of mine. A few weeks ago he invited me to his home in order that I could see for myself what he had written in his biography. He had not done the true hardship justice. I was taken aback by the sheer distance he travels every day just to attend the 5pm practice, and to think of him walking home every night in the dark makes me extremely anxious. I can’t imagine what its like for his parents, of whom he speaks so highly. I got the impression from his siblings that they have a very strong family unit, that there is a lot of love in the home, and also a lot of intelligence. Richard’s siblings peppered me with questions, which fortunately I am getting better at answering. Yes, the demographic differences between Uganda and Canada are intriguing. Yes, I can state several reasons for the economic disparities between our two countries, most of which reside within the area of the negative aspects of global trade. Sure, I can explain the voting system of the World Trade Organization. What do I think of Museveni’s politics? Let me tell you. And on and on it went. It was difficult for me to get a question in.

In the end I thanked Richard’s family for their hospitality and apologized for having to continue on to another program I had later that day. I had arranged with one of the other boys to visit his home in the late afternoon. My second visit was to Ibra’s house, which was located a lot closer to the African Heart home than Richards’, thankfully. Ibra lives in the same “ghetto” area (in the boys’ words, not mine) that Robert lives; they are practically neighbors. As per usual here in Uganda, while I had been saddened by Richard’s situation, I was heart-broken by Ibra’s. Will there ever be a situation where I find someone isn’t struggling just to survive? Will there ever be a time I discover someone has a decent-sized home, a regular source of comfort and love, the security of shelter, food, and tuition fees paid? Perhaps it is better not to answer that question.

The “ghetto” area 200 meters off Rubaga Road (the same road the African Heart home resides on) is not a nice place. Infested muddy water pools in every crevasse. Plastic bags (which were banned last month) litter the red ground, collecting foul material children step in with their bare feet. Video halls blare restricted movies, the over-blown speakers crackling Hollywood voices across the neighborhood and into the ears of susceptible tweens. Jobless young men congregate around outdoor tables, gambling, some smoking ganja (Uganda’s weed equivalent). Naked toddlers run unsupervised through piles of garbage, grabbing at stray dogs, playing in mud and sucking their thumbs, often young siblings their only care-takers. Half have malaria, some are HIV-positive, all have lost at least one guardian to AIDS.

It is in this area that most of the boys who don’t reside at the African Hearts home live. I passed Assadu and Digga on the way to Ibra’s house. I got to Ibra’s just as the rain started pouring down. We ran the last few steps and burst into the one-room cement structure. Inside a dozen wide eyes peered at me in the darkness. My name echoed across the small room as Bowen jumped down from the three-high metal bunk bed and ran toward me. Quite possibly the cutest four-year-old in Uganda, Bowen and I have become great buddies, despite the fact we don’t officially speak each other’s language. His English vocab consists of, “Nico, look! Look, Nico!” and an ever exuberant “come SEE Nico!” Bowen is the sole reason I have to wash my clothes almost every day, as he loves to come running at me full force, grab my hands, and climb all the way up to my shoulders with his perpetually dirt-encrusted little feet. Boisterous and bubbly Bowen. If it weren’t for his make-you-melt side-ways smile I swear I could get a weeks wear out of my jeans. Bowen is Ibra’s half-brother, as is Lenon, another band member. Also living at the house is Ibra’s older sister, older brother, and younger sister, as well as Lenon’s older sister and baby brother, and their teenage cousin. That brings the total to nine kids, all being cared for by a single mother. Ibra’s mother, and Lenon’s both died, leaving their younger sister to care for their children.

Lenon’s baby brother peed on the cement floor beside the stool I sat on, filling the room with a less-than-terrific smell, further exacerbated by the mugginess of the heavy rain and the bitter scent of sweat and dirty laundry. The baby continued to cry during the entirety of my visit. We took turns with questions, the girls anxious to test their knowledge of Canada on me, my questions all directed towards determining exactly how their ‘mother’ managed to care for them all. I never did find a satisfactory answer to that inquiry, probably because there wasn’t one. Unfortunately their mother was at work, apparently at a small shop that sells breakfast cakes (dry, bland muffins), so I was unable to officially meet her, although we’ve spoken on the phone on a couple of occasions. I asked where everyone slept. Two to each bunk, which upon closer inspection I noticed had four layers, each with about five feet of head room, and two on the floor.

Since most of my time is spent with male teenagers here in Uganda, it was interesting to spend some time with a majority of females. I guessed their ages to be around sixteen-seventeen, and was intrigued when the conversation eventually turned to movie and television actors. The girls giggled and asked if I was familiar with Wentworth Miller (Michael Scholfield) off the series Prison Break, or Tom Welling from Smallville. When I mentioned I’d actually met Tom Welling one of the girls dropped to her knees and let out a exuberant gasp. They asked some interesting questions about the reality behind these shows, not knowing what things were portrayed realistically and which things weren’t. Did North American couples really hold hands in public? Did they really kiss in front of their parents? Was there really such thing as female lawyers and pilots and construction workers? Yes, yes, and of course, I replied. Emancipation of women here in Uganda is a topic for a whole other journal entry, or several, but suffice it to say that when Lenon’s sister announced she wanted to be a pilot, one of the boys piped up that girls can only study aviation, not actually become pilots, silly. If you thought I got worked up about religion, wait till you learn a little more about the treatment of women. Just as things are taking their time to change in the West, so they are here.

As I was leaving, Lenon’s sister mentioned that Lenon had been bitten by a dog the previous afternoon. Lenon lifted his shirt to reveal a stitched gash on his back. He explained that he’d been rushed to the hospital and given only half a treatment. His mother couldn’t afford the rest. He was reluctantly released and told to return if his mother could find the 90,000Ush ($55) for treatment. I am well aware that most of Kampala’s stray dogs have not been treated and many are infected with disease. A single bite can be deadly. I am also aware that I have paid twice as much as the cost of Lenon’s treatment for a haircut. Despicably, I chose not to offer up the cash. I hesitated. I am still trying to determine why. I told myself that I didn’t have all the facts. Maybe the dog wasn’t rapid. Maybe the initial treatment had been enough. I inquired with Abbey, who had visited Lenon in the hospital, but he was fuzzy on the facts. I somehow justified my resolve not to help on the fact that I wasn’t sure if it would be money well spent. Who was I kidding? Better yet, who am I kidding? I still haven’t helped. This could be a life-threatening issue. If something happens to Lenon…am I any less to blame?

And thus I conclude my entry. The depressive tone is regrettable but necessary, and honest. Please take a moment, just a small one, to be thankful for your home, for the few people you share it with, for your comfortable and spacious bed, your education, your job security, and your access to affordable medicine.

~Nicole

Friday, February 1, 2008

#32 – August 26, 2007

A day in the life of...me!

Contrary to the rumors, I have not run off and eloped in order to become a permanent resident of Uganda. I certainly considered it, and have received enough marriage proposals (mainly from people who have yet to learn my name) to make it conceivable, but alas, my only excuse for not staying current with my journal entries is lack of time. It is not the case that I lack the time to stay in contact, as I have been able to send out personal e-mails and speak to friends and family on the phone, but writing my personal thoughts down in a readable, understandable fashion takes considerable energy, of which I am desperately lacking at the end of each day. These past two weeks have been a fury of meeting new friends and saying goodbye to others, working non-stop on projects with the African Heart boys, and traveling across eastern Uganda to view as much as I can of this beautiful country.

My typical day as of late has consisted of an enormous amount of hustle and bustle. Crowing roosters and warming air wake me by seven. My sister phones at eight for our daily chit-chat, the only thing that keeps me from getting homesick. I make coffee and converse with Natalie and Peter over one of their freshly-made bagels, then begin working on any outstanding projects I have on my laptop. This may include editing the boys’ biographies, which are almost complete, revising a sponsorship form, writing up proposals and letters for Abbey, or taking some time on the internet for research. I pack up and hop on a boda by mid-afternoon, arriving at the boys’ home for lunch. The boys are on holidays until the beginning of September so the remainder of the afternoon is spent with them, helping with art projects, accompanying them to band practice, visiting their relatives’ homes. Several times a week I meet with Abbey to discuss various projects or have a general knowledge exchange. I treasure these moments, as I always feel like I come out more wise, more able to deal with any situation that comes my way.

There is never a dull moment at the boys’ home; arts & crafts in the afternoon, band practice every day from 5pm-8pm, revising books after practice, the occasional movie night when we all cram around my laptop in the sitting room, praying the power doesn’t go off. Someone always has an issue, as is typical of any family of teenagers, never mind a family this large. Moses needs new shoes. Benon needs a tooth extraction. David wants to start a poultry business. Eddy wants to open a bank account. With only Abbey, Tony, Roscoe, and Junior to go to with their problems, I have become another source of advice and assistance. It is an interesting position to hold, one with much responsibility and emotional investment. I am in awe of parents’ ability to handle the give-and-take relationship that is at times so draining, but thankfully the sacrifice is not without its rewards. I am a fixture in their lives now, and they in mine.

Some tease me like a sister, some cling to me as a mother, a few manipulate and test me, most love me unconditionally. I am there to share their weak moments, and their strong. I am there to celebrate the good grades and strategize over the bad. I encourage and inspire, and have also disappointed and displeased. The moment I arrive I am pulled in a million directions. It is impossible to divide myself evenly, to share time equally, to distribute love, effort, and assistance uniformly. I know Ronald speaks coarsely to me in Luganda, aware that I am unable to decipher his invectives. He does this to grab my attention, a vain attempt to guilt me into giving him my time, or material comforts. His troubled life has left him unable to deal with feelings of jealously or the need for affection in an effective manner. Ibra, Lenon, Umar, Jonah, Isaac, and Bowen are desperate for a mother-figure. All so young, so neglected, so in need of care and attention. They run from the yard and wrap themselves around me as I enter the gate, all clamoring for my gaze, my embrace, my attentiveness. I give until I have nothing left. Sometimes there is thirty minutes of hellos and hugs and how are you’s. I inquire about their day, their family, their plans for the week. They inform of this, that, and the other thing. They want me to teach them to use a camera, they want to learn to type, they want me to visit their aunt/grandma/sister. Exhausted I continue to the back of the house where I find the older boys. The brothers Abasi and Edrissa offer a fist in the air and a, “Storiki, Muana?” (What’s up?), Eddy wants to discuss his latest goat project. Eugene asks whether I’ve got time to work on the duet we’re learning. Bash and Marvin are anxious to know whether my sister, Paula, received their e-mails. Sammy wants my opinion on a geography question. Richard pulls me aside to remind me of our appointment to meet his father and eight siblings. Kimala and Robert hang in the background waiting for me to finish, in order that I walk them home to visit their mother.

By 5pm I have moved past tired towards a more airy, spaced-out feeling. I grab my camera and head to the field near-by where trumpets blare and drums pound. I shoot videos and snap candid shots for the website. I visit each group of boys, the trombones, side-drums, trumpets. At their insistence I make feeble attempts at playing each. My daily embarrassment. I stomp around with the baton-twirlers, Bowen dragging himself behind me, climbing all over my legs. Dirty and deaf, I return to the sitting room at 8pm, catching up with Junior and Sandra, usually bouncing baby Christine on my lap. Slowly boys with trickle in with their school books and the revising begins. “How many provinces are prairie provinces, Nicole?” “Nicole, can you draw a map of New York for me?” “Do you know anything about the migration of Arabs across East Africa?” Once the boys are helped, Junior and I work on his economics homework. My five year degree getting to stretch its legs for the first time. I studied history and politics, very complimentary to economics. There is the slight chance that I am learning more from Junior than he is from me, however. About this time Abbey will come in with some work for me to assist him with, which I will work on until Sandra brings in dinner around 10pm. She somehow manages to prepare the most delicious meals every night, and I am lucky enough to be on the receiving end. With the exception of Junior, whom I attempt to share my portion with, the boys are in charge of their own meals. Every single night, 365 days a year, they eat posho (mashed potatoes) and beans. It pains me that I can’t afford to buy them a more decent dinner, but as they are so many, it is virtually impossible. I occasionally treat them to lunch which uses up an entire weeks worth of my meal-money.

At 11:30pm David or Junior will walk me up to the main road, where I hop on a boda. The boys refuse to let me walk home so late carrying my laptop. I’ve never heard of a single incident involving a Muzungu and theft, but you can’t be too careful. I crawl into my mosquito-netted bed by 1am, exhausted. Up again the next day to do it all again, all the while keeping a bright, big smile on my face, my way of letting everyone know how much I really am enjoying this daily adventure.

~Nicole

#31 – August 14th 2007

Statistics…

The African Heart boys are constantly asking me about Canada. About the climate, the landscape, the economy, the people. I am constantly embarrassed by how little I know, and by how much more they seem to know than me. Surprisingly, they do an entire section in Geography and Agriculture on Canada. They even do a chapter on British Columbia. On David’s geography exam last week he had to label a map of B.C. I couldn’t believe it. I was helping one of the boys study yesterday and he asked me the factors that favored fishing and forestry in my province. I stammered and stumbled through an answer, silently cursing my younger self for apparently sleeping through grade 9 social studies. In order to avoid similar embarrassing situations I have since undertaken heavy research of my country, my province, my people. As a international political science and history major one would expect me to know something about my own nation. For those of you that are interested, I’ve summarized some basic facts about Uganda and Canada, placing them side by side in order to do a small comparison. The results raise intriguing questions and provide an interesting contrast between a ‘developed’ and a ‘developing’ country.

GEOGRAPHY

Area

U: 236,000 sq km (Uganda fits into Canada 42 times!)

C: 9,984,670 sq km (second-largest country in world)

Natural Resources

U: copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land

C: iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, diamonds, silver, fish, timber, wildlife, coal, petroleum, natural gas, hydropower

Current Environmental Issues

U: draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; widespread poaching

C: air pollution and resulting acid rain severely affecting lakes and damaging forests; metal smelting, coal-burning utilities, and vehicle emissions impacting on agricultural and forest productivity; ocean waters becoming contaminated due to agricultural, industrial, mining, and forestry activities

PEOPLE

Population

U: 30 million

C: 33 million

Age Structure

U:

0-14 years: 50.2%
15-64 years: 47.6%
65 years and over: 2.2%

C:

0-14 years: 17.3%
15-64 years: 69.2%
65 years and over: 13.5%

Population Growth Rate

U: 3.57%

C: 0.86%

Infant Mortality Rate

U: 67.22 deaths/1,000 live births

C: 4.63 deaths/1,000 live births

Life Expectancy at Birth

U: total population: 51.75 years
male: 50.78 years
female: 52.73 years

C: total population: 80.34 years
male: 76.98 years
female: 83.86 years

Total Fertility Rate

U: 7 children/woman

C: 2 children/woman

People Living With HIV/AIDS

U: 530,000 (2001 est.)

C: 56,000 (2003 est.)

Literacy

U: 66.8% literacy

C: 99.0% literacy

ECONOMY

Economy Overview

U: Uganda has substantial natural resources, including fertile soils, regular rainfall, and sizable mineral deposits of copper and cobalt. Agriculture is the most important sector of the economy, employing over 80% of the work force. Coffee accounts for the bulk of export revenues. Since 1986, the government - with the support of foreign countries and international agencies - has acted to rehabilitate and stabilize the economy by undertaking currency reform, raising producer prices on export crops, increasing prices of petroleum products, and improving civil service wages. The policy changes are especially aimed at dampening inflation and boosting production and export earnings. During 1990-2001, the economy turned in a solid performance based on continued investment in the rehabilitation of infrastructure, improved incentives for production and exports, reduced inflation, gradually improved domestic security, and the return of exiled Indian-Ugandan entrepreneurs. In 2000, Uganda qualified for enhanced Highly Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) debt relief worth $1.3 billion and Paris Club debt relief worth $145 million. These amounts combined with the original HIPC debt relief added up to about $2 billion. Growth for 2001-02 was solid, despite continued decline in the price of coffee, Uganda's principal export. Growth in 2003-06 reflected an upturn in Uganda's export markets.

C: As an affluent, high-tech industrial society in the trillion-dollar class, Canada resembles the US in its market-oriented economic system, pattern of production, and affluent living standards. Since World War II, the impressive growth of the manufacturing, mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural economy into one primarily industrial and urban. The 1989 US-Canada Free Trade Agreement (FTA) and the 1994 North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) (which includes Mexico) touched off a dramatic increase in trade and economic integration with the US. Given its great natural resources, skilled labor force, and modern capital plant, Canada enjoys solid economic prospects. Top-notch fiscal management has produced consecutive balanced budgets since 1997, although public debate continues over how to manage the rising cost of the publicly funded healthcare system. Exports account for roughly a third of GDP. Canada enjoys a substantial trade surplus with its principal trading partner, the US, which absorbs about 85% of Canadian exports. Canada is the US' largest foreign supplier of energy, including oil, gas, uranium, and electric power.

GDP (Purchasing Power Parity)

U: $52.93 billion

C: $1.178 trillion

GDP (Per Capita)

U: $1,900

C: $35,600

Labour Force by Occupation:

U:

Agriculture: 82%
Industry: 5%
Services: 13% (1999 est.)

C:

Agriculture: 2%,

Manufacturing: 14%,

Construction: 5%,

Services: 75%,

Other: 3% (2004 est.)

Public Debt

U: 29.3% of GDP

C: 65.4% of GDP

Agriculture Products

U: coffee, tea, cotton, tobacco, cassava (tapioca), potatoes, corn, millet, pulses, cut flowers; beef, goat meat, milk, poultry

C: wheat, barley, oilseed, tobacco, fruits, vegetables; dairy products; forest products; fish

Industries

U: sugar, brewing, tobacco, cotton textiles; cement, steel production

C: transportation equipment, chemicals, processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products, fish products, petroleum and natural gas

Electricity Production

U: 2 billion kWh

C: 573 billion kWh

Electricity Consumption

U: 1.6 billion kWh

C: 522.4 billion kWh

Oil Consumption

U: 10,890 bbl/day

C: 2.2 million bbl/day

External Debt

U: $1.4 billion

C: $684.7 billion

Telephones – Landlines

U: 100,800

C: 18.2 million

Telephones – Cellular

U: 1.5 million

C: 16.6 million

Disputes – International

U: Uganda is subject to armed fighting among hostile ethnic groups, rebels, armed gangs, militias, and various government forces that extend across its borders; Uganda hosts 209,860 Sudanese, 27,560 Congolese, and 19,710 Rwandan refugees, while Ugandan refugees as well as members of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA) seek shelter in southern Sudan and the Democratic Republic of the Congo's Garamba National Park; LRA forces have also attacked Kenyan villages across the border. 1.7 million people in Internal Displacement Camps.

C: managed maritime boundary disputes with the US at Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, and around the disputed Machias Seal Island and North Rock; US works closely with Canada to intensify security measures to monitor and control legal and illegal personnel, transport, and commodities across the international border; illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market and export to US; use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors; increasing ecstasy production, some of which is destined for the US; vulnerable to narcotics money laundering because of its mature financial services sector

THE END

~Nicole